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Practical Note: Humanitarian aid in contexts of violence, insecurity, and rebellion

This note outlines the dilemmas and risks associated with delivering emergency humanitarian aid in a context of escalating insecurity, such as the situation in North and South Kivu since January 2025. It draws upon the guiding principles of conflict sensitivity (inclusivity, accountability, and transparency) and humanitarian principles (humanity, independence, neutrality, and impartiality), examining how to apply them in such a context.